Under what circumstance can an HOA foreclose on a property?

An HOA can foreclose on a property primarily when a homeowner fails to pay assessments. This is due to the nature of assessments being a primary responsibility of homeowners in a community governed by an HOA. Assessments are typically paid to fund the maintenance, operating costs, and amenities of the community. When a homeowner does not pay these assessments, it not only affects the community's financial health but also violates the governing documents of the HOA.

Foreclosure serves as a legal remedy for the HOA to collect unpaid assessments. It allows the association to recover the owed funds and preserve the interests of the community as a whole. While violation fines may impose penalties for breaking rules, they do not generally carry the same weight as assessments when it comes to foreclosure.

In short, the ability of an HOA to foreclose is fundamentally tied to assessments, making this the correct choice in the context of the question.